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CD138
Wednesday 21 October 2009
Definition: CD138 (Aka heparan sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-1) mediates cell adhesion, growth factors. It is associated with late stage of B cell differentiation. CD138 is an integral membrane protein is a receptor for extracellular matrix. Syndecan 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SDC1 gene. Syndecan 1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SDC1 gene.
CD138 is a transmembrane (type I) heparan sulfate proteoglycan and is a member of the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein.
The syndecan-1 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins.
While several transcript variants may exist for this gene, the full-length natures of only two have been described to date. These two represent the major variants of this gene and encode the same protein.
Immunochemistry
Positive staining in normal cells
- B cell precursors
- plasma cells
- stratified squamous epithelium
Positive staining in tumors
- keratoacanthoma
- myeloma
- plasmablastic lymphoma (strong)
- primary effusion lymphoma
- pyothorax associated lymphoma
- CD138+ carcinomas
Negative staining
- mature B cells
- other lymphomas (even plasmacytoid lymphomas)
Pathology
Altered syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.
Loss of CD138 expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of head and neck and larynx; levels also reduced in invasive SCC but not in SCC-in situ.
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CDs