most recent common ancestor, MRCA
Home > Technical section > Biology > Molecular biology > Population genetics
Population genetics
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MRCA
30 September 2005 -
human migrations
30 September 2005Migration is another important factor in human evolution that can profoundly affect genomic variation within a population.
Most populations are relatively isolated, however, although rare exchange of marriage partners between groups does occur.
An average of one immigrant per generation in a population is sufficient to keep drift partially in check and to avoid complete fixation of alleles.
Sometimes a whole population (or a fraction of it) migrates and settles elsewhere.
If the migrant (...) -
gene selection
30 September 2005The earliest evidence of selection acting on a human gene was the discovery that heterozygotes of the hemoglobin A/S polymorphism have greater resistance to malaria than do AA or SS homozygotes.
In malarial environments, this results in a balanced polymorphism that maintains the S allele even though SS individuals are severely ill with sickle-cell anemia.
Recent studies of DNA variation have focused on detecting signatures of selection, either balancing selection or directional selection. (...) -
allele
30 September 2005alleles
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haplotypes
30 September 2005In 1967, the term ’haplotype’ for the multilocus combination of alleles on a chromosome was introduced by Ceppellini et al. during early research on the major histocompatibility complex.
See also
haplotype blocks -
genetic variations
30 September 2005genomic variations, genome variatiobns
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corridors
30 September 2005Exemples
Levantine corridor (Near East)
Horn of Africa corridor
References
Luis JR, Rowold DJ, Regueiro M, Caeiro B, Cinnioglu C, Roseman C, Underhill PA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Herrera RJ. The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations. Am J Hum Genet. 2004 Mar;74(3):532-44. PMID: #14973781# -
genetic genealogy
29 September 2005Books
Trace Your Roots with DNA : Using Genetic Tests to Explore Your Family Tree (Paperback. by Megan Smolenyak, Ann Turner. Rodale Books (October 27, 2004). ISBN: 1594860068 (Link to amazon.com)
Biotech companies
Ancestry by DNA
DNA tribes
Kerchner’s DNA Testing & Genetic Genealogy -
phyleogeography
29 September 2005Molecular phyleogeography
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male/female imbalance
28 September 2005Mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome have been used extensively in the study of modern human origins and other phylogenetic questions, but not in the context of their sex-specific modes of transmission. mtDNA is transmitted exclusively by females, whereas the Y chromosome is passed only among males. (#9806547#)
As a result, differences in the reproductive output or migration rate of males and females will influence the geographic patterns and relative level of genetic diversity on the Y (...)