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Sandhoff disease

MIM.268800 5q13

Definition: Sandhoff disease, also called Hexosaminidase A and B deficiency, is an autosomal recessive lipid storage disease that causes progressive destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.

Sandhoff disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an accumulation of GM2 gangliosides (GM2-gangliosidosis), particularly in neurons, and is clinically indistinguishable from Tay-Sachs disease (MIM.272800).

Sandhoff disease is caused by mutation in the alpha (HEXA) or beta (HEXB) subunit of hexosaminidase (MIM.606873).

It is clinically indistinguishable from Tay-Sachs disease, but affects two hexosaminidase enzymes.

See also

- sphingolipidoses

  • GM2 gangliosidoses
    • Tay-Sachs disease (MIM.272800) (15q23-q24)
    • Tay-Sachs AB variant (MIM.272750) (5q31.3-q33.1)

- glycolipids

  • glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide)
    • gangliosides