focal active colitis

This inflammatory pattern is associated with bacterial (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, E. cati, Yersinia) and viral infections or drug-induced injury.

Other clinical associations include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn’s disease.

In the absence clinical colitis, these changes often remain unexplained and could be related to bowel preparation.

Synopsis

 neutrophilic cryptitis : focal neutrophilic infiltrates in crypt epithelium

• quantitatively scant and patchy within one biopsy sample

 scant neutrophilic infiltrates in lamina propria

• Neutrophils within lamina propria absent or scant

 no crypt architectural distortion
 no Paneth cell metaplasia

Etiology

 Crohn disease (10%-17%)
 acute infectious-type colitis (27% to 50%)

• Campylobacter sp. , Salmonella sp. , Shigella sp. , Eschericcia coli, Yersinia sp.

 viral colonic infections / viral colitis
 drug-associated colitis / drug-induced injury of colonic mucosa
 allergic colitis
 ulcerative colitis
 Hirschsprung disease
 irritable bowel syndrome
 idiopathic focal active colitis (27%)

This pattern of injury is associates with bacterial (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli, Yersinia) and viral infections or drug-induced injury. Other clinical associations include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn’s disease.

In the absence of colitic signs or symptoms, however, these changes often remain unexplained and may reflect bowel preparations.

Cases

 http://www.pathobin.com/cases/case/262/#

See also

 focal active gastritis

References

 Xin W, Brown PI, Greenson JK. The clinical significance of focal active colitis in pediatric patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003 Aug;27(8):1134-8. PMID: 12883246

 Wightman HR. Active focal colitis. Hum Pathol. 1998 Aug;29(8):887-8. PMID: 9712435