organelles

Definition: In cell biology, an organelle /ɔːrɡəˈnɛl/ is a specialized subunit within a cell that has a specific function. Individual organelles are usually separately enclosed within their own lipid bilayers.

Types

 endoplasmic reticulum
 Golgi apparatus
 mitochondria
 peroxysomes
 lysosomes

Intercellular membrane transport

Intracellular organelle transport is essential for morphogenesis and functioning of the cell.

Cellular organelles in the exocytic and endocytic pathways have a distinctive spatial distribution. They communicate through an elaborate system of vesiculo-tubular transport (vesicular transport or vesicle transport).

Pathology

 organelle diseases

• mitochondrial diseases
• peroxisomal diseases
• lysosomal diseases

 organelle lesions

• mitochondrial lesions
• peroxisomal lesions
• lysosomal lesions

See also

 cellular organelle movement
 organelle protein import
 organelle transport
 organelle proteomics
 target organelle

Videos

 http://www.youtube.com/v/T30PvdRJoR4

References

 Böck G, Steinlein P, Huber LA. Cell biologists sort things out: Analysis and purification of intracellular organelles by flow cytometry. Trends Cell Biol. 1997 Dec;7(12):499-503. PMID: 17709014

 Voeltz GK, Prinz WA. Sheets, ribbons and tubules - how organelles get their shape. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Mar;8(3):258-64. PMID: 17287811

 Brunet S, Thibault P, Gagnon E, Kearney P, Bergeron JJ, Desjardins M. Organelle proteomics: looking at less to see more. Trends Cell Biol. 2003 Dec;13(12):629-38. PMID: 14624841

 Kunau WH, Agne B, Girzalsky W. The diversity of organelle protein import mechanisms. Trends Cell Biol. 2001 Sep;11(9):358-61. PMID: 11529240