Definition: Cholesterol is an essential sterol lipid component of eukaryotic plasma and organelle membranes. It is particularly abundant in the brain as a major constituent of myelin.
Together with sphingolipids, cholesterol is enriched in membrane microdomains termed lipid rafts, which function in cholesterol transport, endocytosis and signal transduction.
Extracellular transport of cholesterol is mediated by ApoE (APOE).
Cellular cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through activation (...)
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cholesterol
14 November 2003 -
PRPP
19 October 2007PRPP, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, 5-phospho—D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate
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collagen III
4 June 2003Type III collagen
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1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)
21 April 20041,25(OH)(2)D(3)
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02
4 February 2006ROS reactive oxygen species
O2 is converted to superoxide (O2-) by oxidative enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, plasma membrane, peroxisomes, and cytosol.
O2- is converted to H2O2 by dismutation and thence to OH by the Cu2+/Fe2+-catalyzed Fenton reaction. H2O2 is also derived directly from oxidases in peroxisomes.
Resultant free radical damage to lipid (peroxidation), proteins, and DNA leads to various forms of cell injury.
02- superoxide catalyzes the reduction (...)