neonatal hepatitis
Digital cases
Case 109 : Etiology unknown
Morphological synopsis
hepatocyte necrosis
foci of extramedullary erythropoiesis
cytoplasmic cholestasis
canalicular cholestasis
giant cell transformation of hepatocytes (neonatal giant cell hepatitis)
portal lymphocytary infiltrates
lobular lymphocytary infiltrates
Etiologies
1. neonatal infectious hepatitis
- bacterial neonatal infections
- neonatal systemic sepsis (Escherichia coli, Listeria) (bacterial sepsis-associated hepatitis)
- Escherichia coli
- Streptococcus B
- listeriosis (Listeria)
- Staphylococcus
- syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
- listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes)
- tubeculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- viral neonatal hepatitis
- hepatitis B virus (HBV hepatitis)
- rubella virus
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV hepatitis)
- varicella (HSV hepatitis)
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Adenovirus
- Parvovirus B19 (parvoviral hepatitis)
- HIV
- reovirus
- paramyxovirus
- Enterovirus (enteroviral hepatitis)
- Coxsackie
- ECHOvirus
- parasitic neonatal infections (protozoan hepatitis)
- neonatal toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
2. genetic hepatic metabolic diseases
alpha1-anti-trypsine deficiency (PI deficiency alpha1-AT deficiency) (MIM.107400)
Wilson disease
galactosemia
fructosemia
tyrosinemia
mitochondrial cytopathy (oxydative phosphorylation anomalies)
peroxisomopathies (peroxysomal diseases)
- Zellweger syndrome
- Refsum disease
- dihydroxycholestanoic acidemia
- trihydroxycholestanoic acidemia
bile acid synthesis diseases
- oxysterol 7alpha hydroxylase deficiency
- 3beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase deficiency
- oxosteroid 5beta reductase deficiency
mitochondrial mtDNA depletion (mitochondriopathies)
Gaucher disease
Nieman-Pick disease type C (#7618476#)
indian childhood cirrhosis
ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
3. neonatal cholestasis
biliary tract anomalies
- extrahepatic biliary tract atresia
- extrahepatic biliary tract hypoplasia
- choledochal cyst
intrahepatic biliary ducts paucity
bile acid synthesis diseases
- oxysterol 7alpha hydroxylase deficiency
- 3beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase deficiency
- oxosteroid 5beta reductase deficiency
progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) or familial intrahepatic cholestasis (FIHC)
- progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2)
- north american indian childhood cirrhosis
cystic fibrosis
4. Miscellaneous
idiopathic neonatal hepatitis
neonatal immunohemolytic disorders
neonatal hepatitis and neonatal steatosis
neonatal hemochromatosis
See also
childhood chronic hepatitis
neonatal hepatic deficiency