Leukemias

Digital slides

 Acute leukemia after essential thrombocytosis: Descartes #9963 (ICSF)

Digital cases

 Case HPC:277 (Acute leukemia after essential thrombocytosis)

Types

 acute leukemias
 chronic leukemias

Classification

 lymphoid leukemias

• acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALL)
  • T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • mature B-cell leukemias
  • T/NK cell-leukemias

• T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia
• T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

 myeloid leukemias

• acute non lymphocytic leukemias (ANLL)
  • acute myeloid leukemias
    • M0 acute non lymphocytic leukemia (M0-ANLL)
    • M6 acute erythroid leukemia
    • M7 acute non lymphocytic leukemia (M7-ANLL) (acute myelofibrosis)
    • acute basophilic leukemia
    • acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMegL)

 biphenotypic acute leukemia (BAL)
 systemic mast cell disease (SMCD)

Oncogenetics

Human leukemia cells containing characteristic chromosomal translocations and inversions have been instrumental in identifying fusion genes implicated in the pathogenesis of the corresponding leukemia.

Although chimeric fusion genes usually provide early and essential steps in the development of leukemia, they are not in themselves sufficient, requiring additional genetic events. The nature of these secondary, cooperating genetic events is not known.

See also

 congenital leukemias (neonatal leukemias)
 infant leukaemias

References

 Gilliland DG, Jordan CT, Felix CA. The molecular basis of leukemia. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program). 2004;:80-97. PMID: 15561678

 Greaves MF, Wiemels J. Origins of chromosome translocations in childhood leukaemia. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Sep;3(9):639-49. PMID: 12951583

 Staudt LM. Molecular diagnosis of the hematologic cancers.
N Engl J Med. 2003 May 1;348(18):1777-85. PMID: 12724484

 Bohlander SK. Fusion genes in leukemia: an emerging network. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2000;91(1-4):52-6. PMID: 11173830

 Rowley JD. The critical role of chromosome translocations in human leukemias. Annu Rev Genet 1998;32:495-519. PMID: 9928489