CA2
Pathology
CA II is overexpressed in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).
- It is quite selective to this tumor type among mesenchymal tumors, and therefore might be a useful biomarker in diagnostics.
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are clinically distinct mesenchymal tumors, which generally result from expression of mutant KIT or PDGFRA receptor tyrosine kinase oncogenes.
- Most GISTs feature strong expression of KIT that serves as a crucial diagnostic adjunct. However, a subset of tumors lacks KIT expression and otherwise may also be difficult to distinguish from other sarcomas, including leiomyosarcoma.
- The CA II expression in GISTs did not correlate with particular KIT or PDGFRA mutation types.
- CA II immunoreactivity was absent or low in other mesenchymal tumor categories analyzed.
- High CA II expression was associated with a better disease-specific survival rate than low or no expression.
References
Carbonic anhydrase II. A novel biomarker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Parkkila S, Lasota J, Fletcher JA, Ou WB, Kivelä AJ, Nuorva K, Parkkila AK, Ollikainen J, Sly WS, Waheed A, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J, Isola J, Miettinen M. Mod Pathol. 2010 May;23(5):743-50. PMID: #20081808#