SDC3
MIM.186357 1pter-p22.3
Syndecan-3 is a DC-specific heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan.
Obesity
variants in obesity (#17018662#)
HIV-1 infection
Dendritic cells (DCs) efficiently capture HIV-1 and mediate transmission to T cells, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still being debated. The C-type lectin DC-SIGN is important in HIV-1 transmission by DCs.
However, another HIV-1 receptor on DCs is involved in the capture of HIV-1. Syndecan-3 (SDC3) is as a major HIV-1 attachment receptor on DCs.
Syndecan-3 is a DC-specific heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan that captures HIV-1 through interaction with the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120.
Syndecan-3 stabilizes the captured virus, enhances DC infection in cis, and promotes transmission to T cells.
Removal of the HSs from the cell surface by heparinase III or by silencing syndecan-3 by siRNA partially inhibited HIV-1 transmission by immature DCs, whereas neutralizing both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN completely abrogated HIV-1 capture and subsequent transmission.
HIV-1 exploits both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN to mediate HIV-1 transmission, and an effective microbicide should target both syndecan-3 and DC-SIGN on DCs to prevent transmission.
References
de Witte L, Bobardt M, Chatterji U, Degeest G, David G, Geijtenbeek TB, Gallay P. Syndecan-3 is a dendritic cell-specific attachment receptor for HIV-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 4;104(49):19464-9. PMID: #18040049#
Ha, E.; Kim, M.-J.; Choi, B.-K.; Rho, J.-J.; Oh, D.-J.; Rho, T.-H.; Kim, K.-H.; Lee, H. J.; Shin, D.-H.; Yim, S. V.; Baik, H. H.; Chung, J.-H.; Kim, J. W. : Positive association of obesity with single nucleotide polymorphisms of syndecan 3 in the Korean population. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 91: 5095-5099, 2006. PubMed ID : #17018662#
Strader, A. D.; Reizes, O.; Woods, S. C.; Benoit, S. C.; Seeley, R. J. : Mice lacking the syndecan-3 gene are resistant to diet-induced obesity. J. Clin. Invest. 114: 1354-1360, 2004. PubMed ID : #15520868#