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hyperplasia
Thursday 18 November 2004
Definition: Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, usually resulting in increased volume of the organ or tissue.
Pathogenesis
Although hyperplasia and hypertrophy are two distinct processes, frequently both occur together, and they may be triggered by the same external stimulus. For instance, hormone-induced growth in the uterus involves both increased numbers of smooth muscle and epithelial cells and the enlargement of these cells. Hyperplasia takes place if the cellular population is capable of synthesizing DNA, thus permitting mitotic division; by contrast, hypertrophy involves cell enlargement without cell division. Hyperplasia can be physiologic or pathologic.
Types
organ hyperplasia
tissular hyperplasia
cellular hyperplasia
Etiology
physiologic hyperplasia
- hormonal hyperplasia , which increases the functional capacity of a tissue when needed,
- compensatory hyperplasia , which increases tissue mass after damage or partial resection.
- neoplasia / tumoral process / tumorigenesis
- chronic inflammation
Tissue localization / Exempls
- epidermal hyperplasia
- glandular hypeplasia
- endocrine hyperplasia
lymphoid hyperplasia
prostatic adenomyomatous hyperplasia / benign prostatic hyperplasia
endometrial hyperplasia
neural hyperplasia
See also
hypertrophy