stress granules

Cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) are critical for facilitating stress responses and for preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins.

Oxidative stress is one of the conditions that induce SG formation. SGs regulate redox levels, and SG formation in turn is differently regulated by various types of oxidative stress.

Pathology

SGs have been linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, in part because SGs share many components with neuronal granules.

 TIA1 Mutations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Promote Phase Separation and Alter Stress Granule Dynamics.

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are age-related neurodegenerative disorders with shared genetic etiologies and overlapping clinical and pathological features.
• Mutations affecting the low-complexity domain of TIA1 cause ALS and ALS-FTD
• ALS-linked TIA1 mutations share a neuropathological TDP-43 signature
• TIA1 mutations promote phase separation and impair stress granule dynamics
• TDP-43 recruited to poorly dynamic stress granules becomes immobile and insoluble
• http://neurosciencenews.com/als-pathology-7333/

Open references

 Relationships between Stress Granules, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Chen L, Liu B. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:1809592. doi : 10.1155/2017/1809592 PMID: 28194255