Pleura

• organizing fibrinous pleuritis
  5 January 2015

  Collagen-vascular diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), may yield organizing fibrinous pleuritis that is easily confused with pleural neoplasia.

• pleural malignancy
  5 January 2015

  Differential diagnosis
  The role of asbestos exposure in the development of malignant mesothelioma (MM) is well documented. Whereas the classical quartet of chest pain, dyspnea, weight loss, and pleural effusion in a middle-aged or elderly patient with known occupational exposure to asbestos is certainly characteristic of MM, all of these features are nonspecific, and the majority of pleural effusions in patients with asbestos exposure are benign.
  Metastatic tumors to the pleura are far (...)

• reactive pleuritis
  5 January 2015

  Surface injury and ulceration lead to the proliferation of epithelioid mesothelial cells.
  Reactive mesothelial cells exhibit morphological abnormalities that include nuclear atypicality, increased mitotic index, architectural complexity, apoptosis, and coagulative necrosis.
  When atypical epithelioid mesothelial hyperplasia (AEMH) proliferation is present, it can be difficult to distinguish from malignant mesothelioma (MM).
  The pleural response to injury includes the proliferation of (...)

• pleural response to injury
  5 January 2015, by admin

  Surface injury and ulceration lead to the proliferation of epithelioid mesothelial cells.
  Reactive mesothelial cells exhibit morphological abnormalities that include nuclear atypicality, increased mitotic index, architectural complexity, apoptosis, and coagulative necrosis.
  When atypical epithelioid mesothelial hyperplasia (AEMH) proliferation is present, it can be difficult to distinguish from malignant mesothelioma (MM).
  The pleural response to injury includes the proliferation of (...)

• pleuritis
  5 January 2015

  pleural inflammation
  Although certain inflammatory disorders yield characteristic morphological changes in pleural biopsies, the histological appearance of pleural inflammation is often diagnostically nonspecific.
  The generic response to pleural injury is characterized by neutrophils and chronic lymphocytic inflammation, fibrin deposition, fibroplasia, and reactive angiogenesis.
  Types (examples)
  acute pleuritis fibrinous pleuritis neutrophilic pleuritis
  chronic pleuritis (...)

• pleural mesothelial cell
  5 January 2015

  pleural mesothelial cells
  Mesothelial cells are 1-4-μM thick and form a surface monolayer that is connected by both tight and gap junctions and by desmosomes. Mesothelial cells vary in shape from squamous to cuboidal, depending on both their location and the elastic properties of the lung and chest wall during ventilation.
  The surface of the mesothelial cell exhibits elongate branching microvilli that express a surface glycocalix rich in hyaluronic acid.
  The large surface area of the (...)

• subserosal spindle cells of the pleural mesenchyme
  5 January 2015

  subserosal spindle cell of the pleural mesenchyme
  The source of mesothelial cell renewal appears to be a pluripotential submesothelial precursor cell that can either migrate to the pleural surface and contribute to the surface mesothelial lining, or give rise to subserosal spindle cells of the pleural mesenchyme.

• pleura
  5 January 2015

  WP
  The normal pleura consists of a single layer of mesothelial cells lining a fibroelastic connective tissue matrix.
  The visceral pleura invests the surfaces of both lungs, and it reflects to form the parietal pleura of the adjacent chest wall.
  The pleural blood supply is derived from the systemic bronchial circulation, and drainage is via a parallel system of veins.
  The potential pleural space is drained by three adjacent lymphatic pathways that separately course to hilar lymph (...)

• post-radiotherapy mesothelioma
  5 January 2015

  Open References
  Pleural mesothelioma secondary to radiotherapy: a rare association. Lourido-Cebreiro T, Leiro-Fernández V, Fernández-Villar A. Arch Bronconeumol. 2012 Dec;48(12):482-3. doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2012.05.002 . PMID: #22748483# [Free]
  References
  Pericardial malignant mesothelioma: a latent complication of radiotherapy? Small GR, Nicolson M, Buchan K, Broadhurst P. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008 Apr;33(4):745-7. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2007.12.024 . PMID: #18280176#
  An association (...)

• tumoral patter in pleura
  7 November 2014

  histologic growth patterns in pleura
  Examples
  epitheloid tumors papillary tumors acinar tumors
  fusiform cell tumors
  fibrous tumors
  References
  The spectrum of histologic growth patterns in benign and malignant fibrous tumors of the pleura.Moran CA, Suster S, Koss MN. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1992 May;9(2):169-80. PMID: #1609159#

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