maternal ingestion of progestins or androgens

Maternal ingestion of synthetic progestins was implicated as a
cause of female pseudohermaphroditism in the late 1950s when
such treatment was employed for threatened or habitual abortion.

Subsequently, progestins have also been implicated in the
development of hypospadias in male offspring.

Most cases of female pseudohermaphroditism in this category developed after maternal ingestion of Norlutin (17α-ethinyl-19-nortestosterone), less often with ethisterone (17α-ethinyltestosterone), and occasionally after the ingestion of Enovid,
diethylstilbestrol, androgens or the intramuscular administration of progesterone.

Masculinization usually consists of phallic enlargement and variable degrees of labioscrotal fusion, depending on the time during gestation when the therapy was administered.

Although the degree of masculinization is usually less than that associated with the adrenogenital syndrome, the sexual ambiguity in female infants has been of such severity in some instances as to result in male sex assignment.

The degree of virilization does not progress with age. The gonads and internal genital organs are unaffected, and ovulation, menstruation, and normal secondary female characteristics appear at puberty.

Se also

 female pseudohermaphroditism
 XX intersex